OU Profiles homepage Edit my profile User guide Accessibility Statement
Picture  of Richard Blundel

Prof Richard Blundel

Emeritus Professor of Enterprise and Organisation

The Open University Business School

richard.blundel@open.ac.uk

Biography

Professional biography

I studied at the London School of Economics (BSc Econ), Bradford University (MBA) and The University of Birmingham (PhD). Before embarking on an academic career, I worked for the former Inner London Education Authority, the National Audit Office, a specialist marketing research consultancy and a US-based multinational company. I joined The Open University in 2009 and became an Emeritus Professor on my retirement in January 2025. During this period I was the co-founder and Director of the Centre for Social and Sustainable Enterprise (CSSE) and an Honorary Fellow of the ESRC Centre for Understanding Sustainable Prosperity (CUSP), University of Surrey.

Professional memberships:

  • Higher Education Academy, Senior Fellow (SFHEA)
  • Institute for Small Business and Entreprepreneurship (ISBE), Member (Board Member 2010-13)

Research interests

I am an organisational researcher with a particular interest in the links between entrepreneurial activity, innovation and environmental sustainability. I have examined the nature and consequences of growth in different organisational contexts, including small artisanal food producers, manufacturing businesses and social enterprises. My work has appeared in journals such as Business & Society, Entrepreneurship &Regional Development, Business Strategy and the Environment, Enterprise & Society, Corporate Social Responsibility & Environmental Management and Global Environmental Change.

I have been involved in several research and engagement projects that address SMEs, decarbonisation and other important sustainability challenges:

  • A UKERC-funded project, SME Governance of Net Zero (GoZero) (2022-24), with colleagues from the University of Oxford and Sheffield Hallam University, which provided a robust evidence base to support the multi-level governance of SME decarbonisation across the four UK nations.

  • A report for the UK's Climate Change Committee (CCC) (2022) that examines how policy can better support the Net Zero transition for SMEs.

  • Two evidence reviews for the UKRI-funded Enterprise Research Centre (2021), which examine SMEs and Net Zero and on Eco-innovation and Green Start-ups.

  • The UK-based Zero Emissions Enterprise (ZEE) network that we created in September 2021 to provide a focus for researchers working in this area. The network has since attracted more than 60 members.  In October 2022, and we submitted our first formal response to the UK government's Net Zero Review consultation.

  • The ESRC Impact Acceleration Account project, 'Growing Greener' (2017-20) with the Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford and communications specialists Climate Outreach. We co-created a five hour online course, Promoting Sustainability in Business: A Values-Based Toolkit, which has since been trialled in the UK and Pakistan.

I have also collaborated with the furniture designer-maker, Philip Koomen, to examine how skills, knowledge and values are shared and reproduced in contemporary craft-based businesses.

Promoting Sustainability in Business - course image

Teaching interests

I was lead author for Block 1 of  B209 Entrepreneurship and Innovation (first presentation: October 2025). Previously, I was a member of the authoring team for the MBA elective, BB851 Entrepreneurship in Context and a critical reviewer for a Police Constable Degree Apprenticeship (PCDA) module. I also chaired the production teams for B205 Exploring Innovation and Entrepreneurship, the OU's first 60 point undergraduate module to address this subject area, and BB846 Entrepreneurship: experience and perspective, the OU's first MBA module in entrepreneurship.

I have supervised PhD students in the fields of sustainable innovation, entrepreneurship and social enterprise and examined PhD candidates at several UK and international universities.  I have also served as external examiner for MSc courses at Royal Holloway, University of London and Henley Business School, University of Reading.

I am also co-author of Exploring Entrepreneurship (3rd edition) (SAGE, 2021), which combines practical insights into the challenges of creating and developing commercial and social enterprises with a series of chapters on entrepreneurship research.

Impact and engagement

Open University media projects include roles as: academic adviser for the BBC / OU co-production ‘Make it at Market’ (Series 3, 2025); Business School lead for the COP26 Hub on OpenLearn (2021); academic adviser for the BBC / OU co-production 'Hidden Histories: Britain's Oldest Family Businesses' (2014); and presenter for the OpenLearn podcast series, 'Unlikely Leaders' (2014).

Previous engagement projects include a Department for Business, Innovation and Skills-funded project, ABLE-Ghana (2010-2012), where we collaborated with five Ghanaian universities on employability and entrepreneurial learning issues; and editing a special edition of the Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain to mark 30 years of research (2014).

Projects

Growing Greener: creating a new 'values-based’ environmental engagement toolkit for SME intermediaries

tbc This proposal specifically builds on the work funded by an ESRC Kick-starting impact grant: ‘Achieving growth in a low carbon economy’ (1609-KICK-231, Jan-Nov 2017) . That project demonstrated the value of Climate Outreach’s ‘narrative workshop’ method to individual SMEs in reflecting on their own business practice and values, and learning how to communicate pro-environmental values to customers. It also confirmed the difficulty of working directly with SMEs, the low priority attached to environmental impacts by many businesses, and the key role of low carbon advisors in mediating the engagement process. This project therefore aims to have greater impact by influencing low carbon advisors. In addition, doctoral research by Sam Hampton (Oxford) during this period has shown that while low carbon advisors often have strong pro-environmental values, they suppress them when talking to their SME clients, and would welcome ideas on how to engage in more productive, values-based interactions. By delivering this innovative environmental engagement toolkit, we will enable these intermediaries to engage with SMEs beyond a narrow, cost-benefit framework, and help SME owners and managers to connect low carbon choices with the personal and business values that are important to them as individuals . Improving the intermediaries’ effectiveness will have direct environmental benefits by encouraging more rapid adoption of pro-environmental technologies and practices amongst their SME client base. Developing new ways of engaging SMEs with low carbon policy is particularly timely given the government’s new Clean Growth Strategy, which sets as a priority engaging with stakeholders on how to improve the provision of information and advice to SMEs so that they take up energy efficiency measures.

Achieving sustainable growth in a low carbon economy: co-creating an evidence-based model of SME engagement

This collaboration will co-create new knowledge on environmentally sustainable growth in SMEs. The team will design and trial an innovative approach to engaging SME owners, managers and intermediaries in facilitated discussions with academic experts. It will generate an initial evidence base, coupled with a set of practical recommendations. In order to probe these complex issues in sufficient depth, the pilot project will target businesses with some pre-existing awareness of, and interest in, environmental sustainability. However, the partners envisage that the outcomes will provide a suitable foundation for a larger follow-on project, capable of addressing a much broader range of SMEs.

Green Innovation: Making it work

The purpose of this seminar series is to provide a nexus for bringing together academics and practitioners with an interest in environmental innovation in the broadest sense. Termed green innovation, the nexus will provide a forum for the interchange of ideas and research findings between academics from different academic disciplines and institutions, and practitioners working in different fields like energy and transport which have significant environmental impact, in order achieve a dialogue between them. The aim of the series is to bring about a shared vision and understanding of the nature of green innovation. At the same time it will provide a means to propagate knowledge about the institutional changes and infrastructures required for the effective dissemination and diffusion of green innovations.

DEFRA Greener Living Fund: COIN 'Climate Solidarity' programme: monitoring and evaluation role. (B-09-017-RB)

Dr Richard Blundel's role is to lead the monitoring and evaluation (M&E) team on this two year, DEFRA-funded action research project. The purpose of the Greener Living Fund is to support projects or programmes that have the capacity to influence pro-environmental behaviours in the wider population. The accountable body for the project is COIN (www.coinet.org.uk), an Oxford-based environmental NGO with several years' experience in running community-based projects, and the main delivery partners are UK trades unions, including CWU, PCS, NUT and UCU. The M&E team comprises Dr Richard Blundel (OUBS), Dr Tina Fawcett (ECI, University of Oxford) and Dr Matias Ramirez (SPRU, University of Sussex). Our tasks include: designing the M&E plan, data collection and analysis methods, refining the plan in conjunction with DEFRA's support team, liaising with the COIN project team to organise data collection by third parties (including on-line data capture via a COIN-funded website, analysing data, and drafting interim and final M&E reports. We will also be liaising with the GLF Programme-level evaluators, Brook Lyndhuyrst and attending peer-to-peer evaluation workshops organised during the course of the GLF programme. Because most of the M&E data collection will be undertaken by third parties, and via the COIN-funded website, the costing comprises the number of days allocated to the project, plus associated travel and subsistence costs (e.g. to attend team meetings and to conduct a small number of face-to-face interviews). Dr Blundel will not require access to any specialised software or equipment, beyond that available in the normal course of his duties. Dr Blundel and the other M&E team members do not anticipate that they will incur any additional costs as a consequence of participating in the project.

Publications

Book

Exploring Entrepreneurship (third edition) (2021)

Exploring Entrepreneurship (2nd edition) (2017)

Innovative business education design for 21st century learning (2016)

Effective Organisational Communication: Perspectives, principles and practices (4th edition) (2013)

Social and Sustainable Enterprise: Changing the Nature of Business (2012)

Exploring Entrepreneurship: Practices and Perspectives (first edition, 2011) (2011)

Effective Organisational Communication: Perspectives, principles and practices (3rd edition) (2008)

Effective Organisational Communication: Perspectives, Principles and Practices (2nd edition) (2004)

Effective Business Communication: Principles and Practice for the Information Age (1998)

Book Chapter

Green finance strategies in Africa: a focus on capital market-based impact investments in small and medium-sized enterprises in Ghana (2024)

Reflecting on the relationship between craft and history: perspectives, resources and contemporary implications (2018)

Human Capital and Environmental Engagement of SMEs in Pakistan: A Comparative Analysis of the Leather Industry (2018)

Understanding value conflict to engage SME managers with business greening (2017)

Artisanal (2016)

Industrialization (2016)

From artisans to 'factories': the interpenetration of craft and industry in English cheese-making, 1650–1950 (2013)

Enterprise education for small artisanal businesses: a case study of Sokoban Wood Village, Ghana (2012)

Introducing social and sustainable enterprise: changing the nature of business (2012)

Promoting environmentally sustainable enterprises: some policy options (2012)

The metal fabricators: challenges of growth in a small Ghanaian business (2011)

Part 1 New SME curricula (2011)

Entrepreneurial social responsibility: scoping the territory (2010)

Critical realism: a suitable vehicle for entrepreneurship research? (2007)

Digital Artefact

Getting to grips with ESG: environmental, social and governance priorities for SMEs (2023)

Journal Article

Crisis and opportunity: Transforming Climate Governance for SMEs (2023)

Transforming small and medium-sized enterprises to address the climate emergency: The case for values-based engagement (2022)

Insider perspectives on growth: implications for a non-dichotomous understanding of ‘sustainable’ and conventional entrepreneurship (2021)

Individual Values and SME Environmental Engagement (2020)

Developing craft practice within and between workshops: an inter-generational comparative study (2018)

Making ‘greener’ connections: An introduction to the Special Issue (2018)

Book review of Nicolopoulou et al. (eds) (2016) Sustainable Entrepreneurship and Social Innovation (2018)

Understanding the Drivers of Sustainable Entrepreneurial Practices in Pakistan’s Leather Industry: A Multi-Level Approach (2018)

'Imagined Outcomes': Contrasting Patterns of Opportunity, Capability and Innovation in British Musical Instrument Manufacturing, 1930-1985 (2018)

Beyond strategy: a critical review of Penrose’s ‘single argument’ and its implications for economic development (2015)

Evaluating enterprise policy interventions in Africa: a critical review of Ghanaian small business support services (2015)

Towards a ‘Long View’: Historical Perspectives on the Scaling and Replication of Social Ventures (2015)

Improvisation and entrepreneurial bricolage versus rationalisation: A case-based analysis of contrasting responses to economic instability in the UK brass musical instruments industry (2014)

Re-imagining the growth process: (co)-evolving metaphorical representations of entrepreneurial growth (2014)

SMEs and environmental responsibility: a policy perspective (2013)

Re-inventing artisanal knowledge and practice: a critical review of innovation in a craft-based industry (2013)

Network evolution and the growth of artisanal firms: a tale of two regional cheesemakers (2010)

Book review: Strategy without design: the silent efficacy of indirect action (2010)

Book review: Entrepreneurship, growth and public policy: prelude to a knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship (2009)

Book review: three decades of the enterprise culture: entrepreneurship, economic regeneration and public policy (2008)

Book review: The Oxford handbook of entrepreneurship (2008)

Penrose, critical realism and the evolution of business knowledge: a methodological reappraisal (2007)

‘Little ships’: the co-evolution of technological capabilities and industrial dynamics in competing innovation networks (2006)

Managing ‘collisions’ between entrepreneurial networks and industrial supply chains: a modified Penrosian perspective (2006)

From artisans to “factories”: the interpenetration of craft and industry in English cheese-making, c1650-1950 (2006)

Book review: the nature and dynamics of organizational capabilities (2005)

Book review: Understanding industrial and corporate change (2005)

Contrasting local responses to globalization: the case of volume yacht manufacturing in Europe (2005)

Exploring growth in vertical inter-firm relationships: small-medium firms supplying multiple food retailers (2001)

Book review: Mobilizing resources and generating competencies: the remarkable success of small and medium-sized enterprises in the Danish business system (2000)

Book review: Knowledge societies: information technology for sustainable development (2000)

Other

How Smaller Businesses can Become Net-Zero Influencers and Enablers (2023)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2014)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2014)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2014)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2014)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2013)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2013)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2013)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2013)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2013)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2013)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2013)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2012)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2012)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2012)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2012)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2011)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2011)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2011)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2011)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2010)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2010)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2010)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2010)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2009)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2009)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2009)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2009)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2009)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2008)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2008)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2008)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2007)

NatWest/SERTeam Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2007)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2007)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2007)

NatWest/SERTeam Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2006)

NatWest/SERTeam Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2006)

NatWest/SERTeam Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2006)

NatWest/SERTeam Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2006)

NatWest/SERTeam Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2005)

NatWest/SERTeam Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2005)

NatWest/SERTeam Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2005)

NatWest/SERTeam Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2005)

NatWest Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2004)

NatWest/SERTeam Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2004)

NatWest/SERTeam Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2004)

NatWest/SERTeam Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2004)

NatWest/SBRTeam Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2003)

NatWest Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2003)

NatWest Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2003)

NatWest SBRTeam Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2003)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2002)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2002)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2002)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2002)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2001)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2001)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2001)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2001)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2000)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2000)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2000)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (2000)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1999)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1999)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1999)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1999)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1998)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1998)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1998)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1998)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1997)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1997)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1997)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1997)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1996)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1996)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1996)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1996)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1995)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1995)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1995)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1995)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1994)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1994)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1994)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1994)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1993)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1993)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1993)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1993)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1992)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1992)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1992)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1992)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1991)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1991)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1991)

NatWest SBRT Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1991)

The NatWest Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1990)

The NatWest Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1990)

The NatWest Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1990)

The NatWest Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1990)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1989)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1989)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1989)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1989)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1988)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1988)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1988)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1988)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1987)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1987)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1987)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1987)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1986)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1986)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1986)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1986)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1985)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1985)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1985)

Quarterly Survey of Small Business in Britain (1985)

Presentation / Conference

SMEs and Net Zero: A Personal Reflection on the Principal Challenges for Researchers and Policymakers (2022)

Proto-Institutions, Sustainability and SMEs: A Systematic Literature Review (2020)

Policy framework to overcome barriers to environmental improvement in Pakistan’s leatherworking SMEs (2019)

Growing Greener: Creating a New Values-based Environmental Engagement Toolkit for SME Intermediaries (2019)

Examining Craft Work: Methodological Challenges and Choices (2019)

Growing green?: co-creating an evidence-based model of SME engagement (2017)

Disruptive Innovation in the Creative Industries: The adoption of the German horn in Britain 1935-75 (2016)

Operationalising ethics in entrepreneurship education: experiential and practice-based approaches (2016)

Is small still beautiful?: Exploring the role of SMEs in emerging visions of a ‘green’ economy (2016)

Home based business and economic growth: lifestyle businesses or growth generators? (2015)

Human Capital and Environmental Engagement of SMEs in Pakistan: A Comparative Analysis of the Leather Industry (2015)

‘Circumspect vigilance’: reconsidering the implications of Edith Penrose’s single argument for sustainable economic development (2014)

Resilience and recovery: SME experiences of extreme weather events and other external threats (2014)

Emerging models of environmentally sustainable enterprise: a comparative study of low-energy housing retrofit organisations in the UK and France. (2013)

Engaging SMEs with business greening: the role of manager values (2012)

Promoting resilience and sustainability amongst informal sector artisans: the case of Sokoban Wood Village (2012)

The long view: applying historically informed approaches to study the growth of social ventures (2012)

Policies to promote environmental responsibility in SMEs: a case-based review (2012)

Evaluating the role of enterprise policies in purposive sustainability transitions: a case-based comparison (2011)

SMEs’ construction of climate change risks: the role of networks and values (2011)

Analyzing the growth process in social enterprises: an historical perspective (2011)

Teaching tigers to dance?: Evaluating the role of enterprise policies in purposive sustainability transitions (2011)

Historical perspectives on the evolution and growth dynamics of social enterprises: a comparative case analysis (2010)

Entrepreneurial dynamics and social responsibility: mapping an expanded intellectual territory (2009)

Ships passing in the night?: re-thinking the relationship between entrepreneurial agency and purposive transitions (2009)

From CSR to ESR?: exploring the entrepreneurial dimensions of corporate social responsibility (2008)

Will there be blood?: entrepreneurial judgement and strategic choice in Chandlerian and revisionist narratives of industrialisation (2008)

Reproducing artisanal knowledge in the New Economy: a case study of English farmhouse cheese making, 1850-2000 (2002)

Report

Where Next for SMEs and Net Zero? (2024)

Seven principles of place-based net zero policy for SMEs (2024)

SMEs and Net Zero: how to get there (from here) (2023)

How can policy better support SMEs in the pathway to Net Zero? A report to the Climate Change Committee (2022)

Eco-innovation and Green Start-ups: An Evidence Review (2021)

How Can SMEs Contribute to Net Zero?: An Evidence Review. (2021)

Delivering effective enterprise education – the role of learning design and technology (2014)

Climate Solidarity: A Review of Methodologies to Monitor and Evaluate Workplace Engagement (2010)

Business networks SMEs and inter-firm collaboration: a review of the research literature with implications for policy (2001)

Thesis

The growth of 'connected' firms: a re-appraisal of Penrosian theory and its application to artisanal firms operating in contemporary business networks (2003)